How can medicinal chemistry used to treat human diseases?

Medicinal chemists  play an important role within the drug discovery method through the choice and synthesis of compounds that establish structure activity relationships and win effectuality and safety in diagnosis animal testing. Several aspects of the healthful pharmacy role have modified since the first era of drug discovery once animal testing and little, informal project groups dominated the method. Combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening and molecularly outlined targets that permit structure-based drug style have modified the pharmacy role within the era.

The drug discovery method begins with the identification of a medical want, as well as a judgment on the adequacy of existing therapies .From this analysis, along with associate appraisal of this data concerning the target illness, can come back hypotheses on the way to presumably improve medical care that's, what effectuality, safety or mechanistically novel enhancements can advance the tactic of drug treatment for patients with the target disease? On the idea of those hypotheses, specific objectives are set for the project. Then, testing elect chemicals in acceptable biological tests will begin. Key resultant steps within the method embrace police work relevant biological activity for a structurally novel compound in vitro, then finding a connected compound with in vivo activity in associate acceptable animal model, followed by increasing this activity through the preparation of analogous structures, and eventually choosing one compound because the drug development candidate.

New techniques for addressing pharmacokinetic  problems. The stress on in vitro screening of compounds against molecularly outlined targets, though fast and specific, has further consequences for today's healthful chemist. Because the primary screen won’t to guide SAR studies, in vitro knowledge don't facilitate chemists to beat the pharmacokinetic liabilities of their compounds. On the opposite hand, counting on in vivo animal models for the analysis of pharmacokinetic performance suffers from a probably serious drawback: variations between absorption and metabolism of medication in humans and rats (a common take a look at species) will result in the event of medication that employment solely in rats and not in humans. Any in vivo testing is then needed to point out that the compound attains levels at the organ coterminous with achieving the required biological impact that's planned to result from the in vitro activity.